Ladders are one of the most important tools of a window cleaner, used for ground, first and second floors.
The Health and Safety Executive reported that between two and seven UK window cleaners are killed every year in the UK and about 20 to 30 suffer major injuries due to falls from ladders.
The sad truth is that these can be easily avoided if some simple safety rules were followed:
1. Choice of equipment
The choice of access equipment should be determined by:
- Height
- Site conditions
- Duration
You should only use ladders for a short time and their use should be avoided where possible.
Best practice is to use a 9m portable ladder for window cleaning if its use cannot be avoided.
But even below this length, for some jobs other means of access may be more suitable, like a mobile elevating work platform or a tower scaffold.
Check your ladders
It’s relatively infrequent, but ladder failures do happen – so you should select them wisely, in accordance with British or European Standards. Get your ladder inspected every three months for defects.
Is it strong enough?
Most window cleaners commonly use ladders to BS EN 131 – duty rating 115kg (18 stone) = maximum vertical static load 150kg.
It’s not practical to use domestic ladders for commercial window cleaning.
Is it long enough?
Allow 1m of ladder length above the highest rung you use and always avoid standing on the top three rungs.
Current best practice is to limit ladder length to a maximum of 9m.
2. Safe working conditions
Stability
Almost all falls from ladders happen because the ladder moves unexpectedly. It is therefore vital to ensure stability:
- Tie the ladder to a suitable point to prevent movement.
- Try tying the ladder down partway using anchorages at a height of 2m.
3. While on the ladder
- Don’t over reach – it’s a very common cause of ladder movement and avoiding this cannot be over-emphasised.
- Always use safety personal protective equipment.
- Ladders should be fitted with anti-slip feet and placed at the correct angle – 75 degrees or 1 m out for every 4 m up.
- Both stiles must be in contact with the ground and the upper resting point of the ladder.
- The surface that the top of the ladder is resting on must be strong enough to withstand the load.
- Ladder rungs and stiles should be clean and not slippery.
- Use ladder accessories to improve stability.
- Always have one hand on the ladder.
- Wear suitable footwear in good condition.
- Don’t leave your ladders unattended.
- Don’t go onto a roof unless absolutely necessary.
Training and competence
Anyone working up a ladder has to be experienced and have practical skill working with ladders.
Different levels of training should be given for those with different levels of responsibility, such as managers.
Suitable training should be given to anyone with gaps in their safety knowledge.


